Excavation of hard, compacted, or cemented materia...

Excavation of hard, compacted, or cemented materials that require blasting or specialized equipment typically involves techniques such as controlled blasting, rock ripping, and the use of heavy machinery like excavators with hydraulic breakers or rippers. These methods are used to break up and remove tough materials efficiently. Controlled blasting, for example, can help break apart large rocks or concrete structures into smaller, more manageable pieces for removal.